Аннотация:Annotation of the article: In the article author reveals peculiarities of formation and development of social knowledge about security in works of Russian sociologists XIX-XX centuries, the special attention give to the ideological, theoretical and cultural reasons to research of modern problems of security. Representations about security were considered in works of subjective school of Russian sociology, in P.Sorokin's works, L.Karsavina's works and others.
Process of formation of social knowledge about security in Russia is caused by features of historical development of the Russian society which define presence of public requirements for the permission of those or other arising social contradictions threatening safe existence of all society and the separate person in it.
Safety problems are connected with problems of preservation of a cultural heritage, spiritual riches and maintenance of steady process of spiritual and intellectual life. Lines of the national (Russian) idea considered by philosophers of the past consist in it.
Keywords: security, society security, spiritual security, culture of security.