Аннотация:Outcome of a behavioral response can be detected either internally at the time of the response
commission, or externally through a feedback signal. In both cases, a number of brain
networks that subserve cognitive control are recruited, all networks having certain distinctive
signatures in electroencephalographic oscillations. Yet most studies in the field have several
limitations. First, typical behavioral tasks depend heavily upon inhibition of prepotent
responses – thus they mostly exploit control of the motor threshold rather than the full range of
processes related to cognitive control. Second, these studies were conducted in the visual
modality, leaving it unclear whether the oscillatory phenomena found in these studies truly
relate to cognitive control or they reflect effects specific to the tasks used. Here, we studied
outcome-related adjustments by analyzing response-related and feedback-related modulations
of theta, alpha, and beta band activity in the auditory version of the condensation task, which
bears no inherent dependence upon inhibition of prepotent responses and which is
administered in the auditory modality. Frontal midline theta (FMT) activity was enhanced after
errors compared with correct trials, and after negative feedback compared with positive
feedback. Alpha band suppression in the parieto-occipital region was enhanced in the late posterror interval. Frontal beta oscillatory activity was increased on correct trials during positive
feedback onset. These findings indicate that several separate neuronal networks are involved in
post-error and post-feedback adjustments: the midfrontal performance monitoring network, the
parietal attentional network, and the frontal reward-processing network. Our findings extend
the current knowledge concerning the functional role of theta, alpha, and beta band oscillations
in cognitive control beyond a limited range of tasks and beyond the visual modality.