Liquid condensates: a new barrier to loop extrusion?

Авторы: Selivanovskiy Arseniy V., Molodova Maria N., Khrameeva Ekaterina E., Ulianov Sergey V., Razin Sergey V.
Журнал: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Том: 82
Номер: 1
Год издания: 2025
Издательство: Birkhauser Verlag
Местоположение издательства: Switzerland
Номер статьи: 80
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05559-8
Аннотация: Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), driven by dynamic, low-affinity multivalent interactions of proteins and RNA, results in the formation of macromolecular condensates on chromatin. These structures are likely to provide high local concentrations of effector factors responsible for various processes including transcriptional regulation and DNA repair. In particular, enhancers, super-enhancers, and promoters serve as platforms for condensate assembly. In the current paradigm, enhancer-promoter (EP) interaction could be interpreted as a result of enhancer- and promoter-based condensate contact/fusion. There is increasing evidence that the spatial juxtaposition of enhancers and promoters could be provided by loop extrusion (LE) by SMC complexes. Here, we propose that condensates may act as barriers to LE, thereby contributing to various nuclear processes including spatial contacts between regulatory genomic elements.
Добавил в систему: Ульянов Сергей Владимирович

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